Particle fluxes in San Pedro Basin, California: A four-year record of sedimentation and physical forcing     

Lisa E. Collins  William BerelsonDouglas E. Hammond  Angela Knapp  Richard SchwartzDoug Capone 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(8):898-914

Moored sediment traps were deployed from January 2004 through December 2007 at depths of 550 and 800 m in San Pedro Basin (SPB), CA (33°33.0′N, 118°26.5′W). Additionally, floating sediment traps were deployed at 100 and 200 m for periods of 12-24 h during spring 2005, fall 2007, and spring 2008. Average annual fluxes of mass, particulate organic carbon (POC), ??¹³C_org, particulate organic nitrogen (PON), ??¹⁵N-PON, biogenic silica (bSiO₂), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), and detrital material (non-biogenic) were coupled with climate records and used to examine sedimentation patterns, vertical flux variability, and organic matter sources to this coastal region. Annual average flux values were determined by binning data by month and averaging the monthly averages. The average annual fluxes to 550 m were 516±42 mg/m² d for mass (sdom of the monthly averages, n=117), 3.18±0.26 mmol C/m² d for POC (n=111), 0.70±0.05 mmol/m² d for CaCO₃ (n=110), 1.31±0.21 mmol/m² d for bSiO₂ (n=115), and 0.35±0.03 mmol/m² d for PON (n=111). Fluxes to 800 and to 550 m were similar, within 10%. Annual average values of ??¹³C_org at 550 m were −21.8±0.2‰ (n=108), and ??¹⁵N averages were 8.9±0.2‰ (n=95). The timing of both high and low flux particle collection was synchronous between the two traps. Given the frequency of trap cup rotation (4-11 days), this argues for particle settling rates ≥83 m/d for both high and low flux periods. The moored traps were deployed over one of the wettest (2004-2005, 74.6 cm rainfall) and driest (2006-2007, 6.6 cm) rain years on record. There was poor correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient, 95% confidence interval) of detrital mass flux with: C_org/N ratio (r=0.10, p=0.16); ??¹⁵N (r=−0.19, p=0.02); and rainfall (r=0.5, p=0.43), suggesting that runoff does not immediately cause increases in particle fluxes 15 km offshore. ??¹³C_org values suggest that most POC falling to the basin floor is marine derived. Coherence between satellite-derived chlorophyll a records from the trap location (±9 km² resolution) and SST data indicates that productivity and export occurs within a few days of upwelling and both of these parameters are reasonable predictors of POC export, with a time lag of a few days to 2 weeks (with no time lag—SeaWiFS chlorophyll a and POC flux, r=0.25, p=0.0014; chlorophyll a and bSiO₂ flux, r=0.28, p=0.0002).  相似文献   

大洋海区海-气CO_2通量单参数遥感算法的适用性检验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王郝京 《台湾海峡》2011,30(2):286-291

利用卫星遥感技术的优势,基于LDEO数据库的全球海表二氧化碳分压（PCO2）及海表温度（SST）等实测数据,初步建立东太平洋海区PCO2与SST的单参数经验算法,并采用相同区域的独立实测数据检验.结果表明,单参数算法在寡营养大洋海区具有良好的适用性,反演值与实测值之间的均方根误差（RMS）为0.51 Pa（1 Pa=9.869μatm）,由此估算出2003年6月该海域CO2通量为-1.4 mmol/（m2.d）,与实测估算的碳通量基本相符,能够很好地反映出海区CO2源汇特征.将该遥感算法运用到西大西洋海域（15°~25°N,60°~75°W）,反演值与实测值之间均方根误差（RMS）为0.69 Pa.检验结果表明,在寡营养大洋海区,单参数遥感算法具有一定的适用性,在受相似因子调控的同纬度海区可以使用同一遥感算法.  相似文献   

2006年秋季长江口及邻近海域微微型浮游生物的分布特征及环境影响因素   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

乐凤凤  刘诚刚  郝锵  史君贤  翟红昌 《海洋学研究》2011,(3):108-117

2006年10月在长江口及邻近海域采用流式细胞技术测定了微微型浮游生物:聚球藻Synechococcus、微微型光合真核生物(picoeukaryotes)和异养浮游细菌(heterotrophic bacteria)的丰度和碳生物量,研究了其生态分布特点,并分析了其与环境因子之间的关系.结果表明,聚球藻、微微型光合真...  相似文献   

Dissolved organic matter and its role in red tide succession in the East China Sea in spring     

������  ����� 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(4):795-799

Dissolved fluorescent organic matter was measured using fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy at three temporal points during a Synechococcus bloom after diatom bloom dispersion in spring, 2007. Carbohydrate and dissolved organic carbon were also analyzed. The relationship between organic matter and red tide succession was examined. The results show that after the diatom bloom, tyrosine-like fluorescence B intensity was very high within the water column and exhibited a negative correlation wi...  相似文献   

Application of stable isotope techniques in studies of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Zhigao Sun  Xiaojie Mou  Xinhua Li  Lingling Wang  Hongli Song  Huanhuan Jiang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2011,21(2):129-148

Stable isotope techniques have been proved useful as tools for studying the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. This paper firstly introduced the basic principles and the distribution characteristics of stable isotope, then reviewed the recent advances and applications of stable isotope in the C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. By applying the 13 C natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to understand the photosynthetic path and CO 2 fixation of plants, the CO 2 exchange and C balance status of ecosystem, the composition, distribution and turnover of soil organic C and the sources of organic matter in food webs, while by using the 13 C labeled technique, the effects of elevated CO 2 on the C processes of ecosystem and the sources and fate of organic matter in ecosystem can be revealed in detail. Differently, by applying the 15 N natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to analyze the biological N 2 -fixation, the N sources of ecosystem, the N transformation processes of ecosystem and the N trophic status in food webs, while by using the 15 N labeled technique, the sources, transformation and fate of N in ecosystem and the effects of N input on the ecosystem can be investigated in depth. The applications of both C and N isotope natural abundance and labeled techniques, combined with the elemental, other isotope ( 34 S) and molecular biomarker information, will be more propitious to the investigation of C and N cycle mechanisms. Finally, this paper concluded the problems existed in current researches, and put forward the perspective of stable isotope techniques in the studies on C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem in the future.  相似文献   

Alkaline phosphatase activity in ornithogenic soils in polar tundra     

MA DaWei  ZHU RenBin  DING Wei  SUN JianJun  LIU YaShu  SUN LiGuang 《极地研究(英文版)》2011,22(2):92-100

  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial variability of dissolved organic carbon concentration in the Xijiang River, South China     

Zhen Tao  Quanzhou Gao  Wenping Guo  Zhengang Wang  Yongling Zhang  Chenji Xie  Xiakun Huang  Hongwei Zhong 《山地科学学报》2011,8(5):694-703

A whole year analysis of riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the Xijiang River (XJR), South China, showed that the mean riverine DOC concentration (1.24 mg L-1) in the XJR was notably lower than the averaged value (5.75 mg L-1) of the global riverine DOC concentration in several major rivers. There is an inconspicuous monthly fluctuation of the DOC signal in the XJR, but on a semi-yearly time scale, however, the riverine DOC concentration had significant difference between hydrological...  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal variations in C₃ and C₄ plant abundance over the Chinese Loess Plateau since the last glacial maximum     

Z. Yao  H. WuM. Liang  X. Shi 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(10):881-889

Stable carbon isotopes of soil organic matter from 12 sites in the southern Chinese Loess Plateau are reviewed to examine spatial and temporal patterns of C₃ and C₄ plants in the arid to semiarid monsoonal region during three key periods - last glacial maximum, mid-Holocene, and modern. We have tentatively corrected the effects of atmospheric CO₂ concentrations and precipitation amounts on the δ¹³C endmembers for C₃ plants to reconstruct the relative proportion of C₄ plants because the δ¹³C values of C₃ plants are variable under different CO₂ and climate conditions. The results indicate that C₄ grasses increase from northwest to southeast spatially, which is consistent with present-day increasing precipitation and temperature patterns. This suggests that for a monsoon-dominant arid to semiarid region, such as the Loess Plateau, warm-season rainfall is a primary factor limiting C₄ plants growth, and thus C₄ grasses have been outcompeted by C₃ grasses/shrubs under cold-dry climate conditions. However, temporal fluctuations in atmospheric CO₂ concentration may also affect plant growth through altering water-use efficiency (WUE). Enhanced drought caused by decreased WUE due to low atmospheric CO₂ concentrations during glacial periods, combined with a cold-dry climate, leads to a decline in C₄ grasses, canceling out any advantages gained from lowered atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. To reconstruct accurately the abundance of C₃ and C₄ plants in an ecosystem and explore their controlling factors, process-based vegetation models integrating CO₂ and climatic parameters interactive with plant physiology are necessary.  相似文献   

浙江省进出口产品隐含碳的计算及其影响因素     

黄敏  沈月琴  黄水灵 《地理研究》2011,26(9)

近年来,CO2等温室气体的过多排放日益为世界各国所重视。文章对浙江省近年外贸中的CO2含量进行分析研究。内涵碳的净出口量与其占全省碳排放的比值都呈现增加的势头;两个时期的进（出）口的规模变动效果全是正向;两个时期的进（出）口结构变动效果有明显差异,2005—2008年期间,出口的结构变动效果为7 201.89×104 t,进口的结构变动效果综合后为-3 124.27×104 t;在此阶段,中间投入变动效果有明显的改善,2002—2005年进（出）口的中间投入变动效果是40.34×104 t（32.21×104 t）,2005—2008年阶段是-3 428.33×104 t（-4 942.21×104 t）;单位GDP碳排放量变动效果也有明显改善,并且两个时期单位GDP碳排放量变动效果主要是由单位GDP能耗变动效果所决定;两个时期进（出）口单位能耗的碳排放量变动效果均非常小。  相似文献   

气候变化情景下中国陆地生态系统碳吸收功能风险评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

石晓丽  吴绍洪  戴尔阜  赵东升  潘韬 《地理研究》2011,30(4):601-611

气候变化会对陆地生态系统的碳吸收产生影响,从而改变其碳的源汇功能.因此,评估未来气候变化下陆地生态系统碳吸收功能面临的风险,可以为中国应对气候变化措施的制定和国际碳排放谈判提供科学依据.本文采用大气-植被相互作用模型对气候变化情景下净生态系统生产力进行模拟,运用线性倾向估计方法确定碳吸收功能风险评估标准,对中国陆地生态...  相似文献